What positions were there in the Han Dynasty military related to this work?

  Han Dynasty Military Ranks:

  Wu Chang - Shi Chang - Du Bo - Bai Ren Jiang, Ya Men Jiang, Qi Du, Bu Qu Du etc. - Bie Bu Si Ma (Jun Si Ma) - Dou Wei (Qi Dou Wei) - Xiao Wei (but Wu Xiao almost became a noble martial post, biased towards literature) - Zhong Lang Jiang (Wu Guan, Zuo, You, Hu Ben Zhong Lang Jiang similar to Wu Xiao) - Bian Jiang Jun - Pian Jiang Jun - Za Hao Jiang Jun (Bian Jiang Jun and Pian Jiang Jun should be the lower ranks of Za Hao Jiang Jun, but with different status from other two-character generals) - Si Zheng, Si Zhen, Qian Hou Zuoyou Jiang Jun - Wei Jiang Jun - Tiao Qi, Che Qi Jiang Jun - Da Jiang Jun

  Da Jiangjun: Established during the Warring States period, it was the highest title of a general. During the Eastern Han dynasty, many were held by nobles and imperial relatives. Specific titles included Taiwei Da Jiangjun, Tiaoshi Da Jiangjun, Zhongjun Da Jiangjun, Zhen Dong Da Jiangjun, Fumian Da Jiangjun, etc. Except for the position of Tiaoshi Da Jiangjun which was slightly lower than the Three Dukes, all others were above the Three Dukes. During the Three Kingdoms period, Xiahou Dun and Jiang Wei were both Da Jiangjun.

  Grand Marshal: Han Wu Di (Liu Che) abolished the position of Grand Commandant and established the Grand Marshal, while Guangwu Emperor (Liu Xiu) again abolished the Grand Marshal and restored the Grand Commandant. Therefore, the Grand Marshal is equivalent to the Grand Commandant, which is the highest official in charge of military administration and military finances, i.e., the national supreme military commander. During the Eastern Han period, it was also known as one of the Three Dukes along with the Minister over the Masses and the Minister of Works.

  The Grand Minister of Agriculture: During the Qin dynasty, it was called the Governor of Grain Interior, and during the Emperor Jing's reign, it was renamed to the Grand Minister of Agriculture. In the first year of Taichu (104 BC), Emperor Wu of Han renamed it to the Grand Minister of Agriculture. The Wei dynasty initially set up the Grand Farmer, but in the second year of Huangchu (221 AD), Emperor Wen (Cao Pi) changed its name to the Grand Minister of Agriculture. Shu and Wu also had their own Grand Ministers of Agriculture. During the Two Han dynasties, the Grand Minister of Agriculture was in charge of taxation, grain, salt and iron, as well as national financial revenues and expenditures. However, during the Three Kingdoms period, due to the decentralization of power, it could only be responsible for the preservation of these materials. One of the Nine Ministers.

  Da Honglu: In the Qin dynasty, it was called Dianke, in the early Han dynasty, it was called Da Hangling, and in the first year of Taichu of Emperor Wu of Han, it was renamed Da Honglu, in charge of receiving guests. One of the nine ministers.

  Commander of the Guards: First established in the Qin dynasty, during the early years of Han Emperor Jing (Liu Qi), it was briefly renamed to Commander of the Imperial Attendants, but soon restored to its original name. In charge of guarding the palace gates. One of the Nine Ministers.

  Taiwei: Same as Da Sima. After Cao Pi ascended to the throne, he appointed Jia Xu as Taiwei.

  Taifu: Assisting the national ruler's official, as a senior minister participating in court politics, in charge of the country's military and political power. After Cao Pi ascended to the throne, Zhong Yao was appointed Taifu.

  Taichang: During the Qin dynasty, it was called Fengchang. In the sixth year of the Zhongyuan reign of Emperor Jing of Han (144 BC), it was renamed Taichang, in charge of rituals and music, social etiquette, ancestral temple ceremonies, and other related matters. Its subordinate officials included Taishi, Taizu, Taizai, Taiyao, Taidi (responsible for treating illnesses among the hundred officials), Liujing and Boshi Jiu. One of the nine high-ranking officials.

  Taipu: Qin and Han dynasties both set up Taipu, Wang Mang once renamed it Taiyu, in charge of chariots, horses and livestock. One of the nine ministers.

  Taishou: During the Qin dynasty, it was set up as a county governor, and during the Han Emperor Jing's reign, it was renamed Taishou, which is the highest official in a county. In addition to governing the people, promoting the virtuous, deciding lawsuits, and inspecting evil-doers, they can also appoint or dismiss their subordinate officials at will.

  The Ministry of the Imperial Household: The Qin and Han dynasties all had a Ministry of the Imperial Household, which was renamed Gonggong by Wang Mang. It was in charge of managing the emperor's supplies, together with the Minister of Agriculture. However, the Minister of Agriculture managed national finances, while the Ministry of the Imperial Household managed the emperor's personal expenses. Its subordinate officials included the Commander of the Palace Guards, who was in charge of imperial stationery, ink, and brushes; the Commander of the Armory, who was in charge of swords, bows, and crossbows; the Commander of the Imperial Wardrobe, who was in charge of clothing; and the Imperial Physician, who treated illnesses within the palace. One of the Nine Ministers.

  Zhong Chanshi: First established in Qin times, during the Eastern Han period it was held by eunuchs, who were in charge of documents and transmitting imperial orders, with extremely great power.

  Central Book Director: When Cao Cao was the King of Wei, he set up a Secretarial Director to handle the memorials and petitions of the Imperial Secretariat. In the early years of Huangchu, Cao Pi changed the Secretarial Director to Central Book Director and specially appointed a Central Book Supervisor, placing him before the Central Book Director.

  Central Commander: After Cao Cao became Chancellor, he established the position of Central Commander, which was in charge of the Imperial Guards.

  Central Protector of the Army: After Cao Cao became Chancellor, he established the position of Protector of the Army, which was soon changed to Central Protector of the Army. This position was in charge of the Imperial Guards and had a slightly lower status than the Central Leading Army.

  Chang Shi: Established in the Qin Dynasty, during the Western Han Dynasty, there were two Chang Shi under the Chancellor, whose duties were equivalent to those of a Secretary-General, namely the head of the General Affairs Department of the highest state organ. The general's headquarters also had a Chang Shi, who was the chief of staff; those who could lead troops into battle were called Jiang Bing Chang Shi. The Three Dukes' (Taiwei, Siku and Situ) offices in the Eastern Han Dynasty also set up Chang Shi, with considerable responsibilities. The Three Kingdoms continued this system without change.

  Those who assist: The deputy officials of the Cishi, such as Bie Jia, Zhi Zhong, Zhu Bo, and Gong Cao, are all called Cong Shi.

  Cang Cao Yuan Shu: Official in charge of granary affairs, the chief is called Yuan and the deputy is called Shu.

  Si Tu: Established in Western Zhou, in charge of education and moral guidance during Eastern Han, one of the Three Dukes.

  Minister of Works: established in Western Zhou, in charge of water and earth as well as construction projects during the Eastern Han dynasty, one of the Three Dukes.

  Central Patrol Guard: Established by Emperor Wu of Han, responsible for supervising the capital's convict laborers, investigating and capturing evil-doers and criminals. Also known as Central Patrol. When Liu Bei declared himself emperor in Shu, he appointed Zhang Fei as Central Patrol Guard.

  The Sima Zhonglang Jiang was established by Cao Cao in the 10th year of Jian'an (205) and was in charge of casting iron, coins, and farming tools.

  The chief clerk was first established in the Han Dynasty, and was in charge of documents and books. The position existed in the Ministry of Works, the Chancellor's office, and among the assistant officials of regional inspectors.

  Gong Cao: Assistant officer of Cishi, in charge of examining and recording merits.

  Things Cao Can belong to: After Cao Cao became the Chancellor, he set up the East and West Caos to manage personnel work. The East Cao was in charge of the appointment and removal of officials with a salary of 2,000 stones, while the West Cao was in charge of the appointment and removal of officials in the Chancellor's mansion. The person in charge is called Can, and the deputy is called Shu.

  Chancellor: First established in the Warring States period, it was the leader of all officials. The Eastern Han did not have a Chancellor, but one was re-established in the 13th year of Jian'an (208), with Cao Cao taking the position for himself. "Chancellor" is equivalent to "to assist", and refers to someone who assists the monarch in handling state affairs.

  Chancellor's Judicial Officer: An official in charge of judicial affairs in the Chancellor's office.

  Guanglüxun: In the Qin dynasty, it was called Langzhongling, and in the Han Wu Emperor, it was renamed Guanglouxun. Wang Mang called Sichong, and the Eastern Han also called Guanglouxun. Cao Cao set up Langzhongling as Duke of Wei, and in the first year of Huangchu (220 AD), he again called Guanglouxun, in charge of guarding the palace gates. Its subordinate officials include Zhe, who is in charge of receiving guests, Fengche Duwei, who is in charge of the imperial carriage, Fuma Duwei, who is in charge of the auxiliary horses, and Qiduwei, who is in charge of the Yulin riders. Whether Dafu and Zhonglangjiang are subordinate officials of Guanglouxun is still controversial. One of the Nine Ministers.

  Zhēn Jīn Wú: During the Qin dynasty, it was called Zhōng Wèi. In the Han Wu Emperor's time, it was renamed to Zhēn Jīn Wú. Wang Mang called it Fèn Wǔ, and in the Eastern Han, it was again renamed to Zhēn Jīn Wú. The Cao Wei initially called it Zhōng Wèi, but in the first year of Huáng Chū, it was renamed to Zhēn Jīn Wú, which was in charge of patrolling outside the palace. The Wei Wei patrolled inside the palace, while the Zhēn Jīn Wú patrolled the capital city. When the emperor went out, the Zhēn Jīn Wú led the way. "Wú" should be pronounced as "Yù".

  Assistant: The deputy of a provincial governor, whose duty was to make an inspection tour. The deputy rode in a separate carriage and assisted the governor on his rounds, hence the name "deputy".

  Ting Wei: First established in the Qin Dynasty, renamed as Da Li by Emperor Jing of Han. Since then, it was sometimes referred to as Ting Wei and sometimes as Da Li. The Ting Wei was in charge of criminal laws and appeals, and was the highest judicial authority for appeals from various regions. The character "ting" means upright and fair, and since fairness and uprightness were valued in the administration of justice, it was used as a name. The subordinate officials under the Ting Wei included the Da Li Zheng, Da Li Ping, and Da Li Jian, collectively known as the three officials of the Ting Wei. One of the nine high-ranking officials.

  County Magistrate: Established in the Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period, the administrative head of a county. The head of a county with a population of less than 10,000 households was called a "Ling", while that of a county with more than 10,000 households was called a "Chang". The assistant officials of the County Magistrate included the County Defender who was in charge of military affairs and public security, and the County Recorder who was in charge of documents and prisons. Generally, each county had one Recorder and one Defender, while larger counties had two or more Defenders.

  The term "Shangshu" literally means "to hold a writing brush". During the Qin and Han dynasties, Shangshu was only an official under the Shaofu, responsible for managing documents within the palace, with a very low status. During the reign of Emperor Wu of Han, five Shangshus were appointed to divide the tasks among different departments, as they worked around the emperor, their status gradually became more important. The Cao Wei dynasty had five Shangshus: the Ministry of Officials (also known as the Selection Department), the Left Civilian Department, the Guest Department, the Five Armies Department, and the Budget Department. The Ministry of Officials was responsible for selecting officials; the Left Civilian Department managed construction projects, salt production, gardens, and parks; the Guest Department handled affairs related to ethnic minorities and foreign countries; the Five Armies Department managed the central army, outer army, cavalry, special troops, and capital garrison; and the Budget Department managed military finances. Among them, the Minister of Officials was the most important.

  Shangshu Ling: Established in the Qin dynasty, it was the head of the Shangshu Tai, directly responsible to the emperor and in charge of all government orders. The deputy of the Shangshu Ling was the Shangshu Puye, with one or two Puye established during the Cao Wei period. When there were two, they were called Left and Right Puye. If the Shangshu Ling was absent, the Left Puye would act on his behalf. During the Cao Wei period, the five Shangshu, two Puye, and one Ling formed the eight seats of government.

  Shangshu Lang: An official in the Shangshutai who is responsible for drafting documents. In the Eastern Han dynasty, those with talent selected through the xiaolian system would enter the Shangshutai, and after one year they would be called a Shangshu Lang, and after three years they would be called a Shilang.

  The Imperial Secretary: First established in the Qin dynasty, it was a subordinate official of the Chancellor, responsible for picking up and filling gaps, assisting, accompanying, going out with the imperial seal, and taking care of the emperor's daily life.

  Zongzheng: Established in the Qin dynasty, Wang Mang was called Zongbo, and the Eastern Han again called Zongzheng, in charge of imperial clan and affinal family affairs. Both Han dynasties used Liu surname clansmen to fill the position. One of the Nine Ministers.

  General Conquering the East: in charge of Qing, Yan, Xu and Yang four states, stationed in Yangzhou.

  The "Summer Official" records the existence of the Hu Ben clan, which was in charge of the king's entry and exit ceremonies. In the first year of Yuan Shi of Emperor Ping of Han, it was renamed Hu Ben Lang, with a middle-ranking general in command. The rank is equivalent to 2,000 stones.

  Jianwu Zhonglang Jiang: Wu of the Three Kingdoms established it, and Hu Zong was in charge.

  Jin Cao from Shi: Wu of the Three Kingdoms set up. Wei set up Jin Cao Yuan, in charge of currency, salt and iron affairs. Wu set up Jin Cao Congshi, Hu Zong was in charge of it.

  Jianwu General: established by Cao Wei, fifth rank.

  Jianwei General: Established by Cao Wei, fourth rank. Wu and Shu also established it.

  Supervisor of Agriculture and Justice: a subordinate official under the Vice Censor-in-Chief. The position was established in the Qin dynasty, and continued by the Han. There were two vice censor-in-chiefs, one being the Vice Censor-in-Chief. When the Censor-in-Chief became the Minister of Works, the Vice Censor-in-Chief became the head of the Censorate. Under the Censorate there were various officials with different titles and responsibilities, including the Supervisor of Agriculture and Justice. The position existed in Wu during the Three Kingdoms period, but not in Wei or Shu.

  Inspector of the Army: It is recorded in the Spring and Autumn Annals that all three kingdoms had this position. There was no fixed number, it was set up according to circumstances. When there was no governor in various provinces, this official was appointed. When a general led troops on an expedition, inspectors were often appointed.

  The Records Room was established in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The kings, three dukes and grand generals all set up record room clerks to be in charge of drafting documents, memorials and official letters.

  Household Administrator: an official under the Crown Prince. Established in Qin, during Wei it was a fifth-grade position with a salary of 1,000 piculs, responsible for grain and food supplies, similar to the Minister of Agriculture or Junior Minister of Revenue.

  Military Advisor: During the Three Kingdoms period, each country set up a military advisor official, all of whom participated in hosting military strategy discussions and other matters.

  Jun Ji Jiu: also known as Jun Shi Ji Jiu, Chen Shou wrote "Records of the Three Kingdoms" to avoid Jin Emperor Sima Shi's taboo, changed to Jun Ji Jiu. In Wei times it was the fifth rank.

  Junior Military Advisor

  Grand Master of Remonstrance: In the Qin dynasty, there were officials called Lang Zhong Ling who had the title of Grand Master. They were in charge of discussion, inquiry and response. During the Han Wu Di period, the position of Grand Master of Remonstrance was established. In the Eastern Han period, it was renamed to Grand Master of Remonstrance and Discussion, with a salary ranking of 600 dan. The Wei and Shu dynasties also had this position, but there is no record of its existence in Wu.

  Li Wu Zhonglang General: Three Kingdoms Wu set up. Bu Jian was appointed as this post.

  Central Pillar General: A position in Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. Lu Xun once held this office.

  Leading General: abbreviation for Central Leading General or Leading General. It was established when Cao Cao was the Chancellor, in charge of the imperial guards.

  Leading General: The title of the heaviest capital in the vanguard. Those with lighter capital are called Zhonglingjun. In charge of the Forbidden Army.

  Liehou: a title of nobility. In the Qin and Han dynasties, there were twenty grades of titles conferred upon those with merit, the highest being called Liehou. Later, to avoid the taboo name of Emperor Wu of Han, it was changed to Tonghou. Still later, it was again changed to Liehou. It carried a gold seal and purple ribbon, and its holder had a fiefdom and received taxes. The Wei dynasty initially followed the Han system. In the first year of Xianxi (264 AD), the five-grade title system was adopted.

  Han Dynasty: There were Shangshu Lingshi and Lantai Lingshi under the Shao Fu. The various ducal establishments also had a Lingshi, whose position was lower than that of the Yanshi. The Wei Duke's establishment and the various General's establishments had a Lingshi. The Shu Chancellor's establishment had a Lingshi.

  In Qin and Han dynasties, county officials in charge of areas with more than 10,000 households were called "Ling", while those in charge of areas with less than 10,000 households were called "Chang".

  Secretary: in charge of the secret books in the forbidden middle. Established by Emperor Huan of Han.

  Mì Fǔ Láng: Established in Wu State during the Three Kingdoms period, in charge of proofreading and editing confidential documents.

  Menxia Xunxing: In the Han Dynasty, the three officials of the prefecture had menxia xunxing, similar to menxia ke, but not in charge of actual affairs.

  Menxia Du: A subordinate official of the commander's mansion. The Mansion of the General, the Mansion of the Cavalry General, and the Mansion of the Guard General each had one Menxia Du, ranked seventh grade. Subordinates included one Menxia Lushi, one Menli, and one Menxia Shuli.

  Nan Zhong Lang Jiang: a subordinate official of Guang Lu Xun. In the Wei dynasty, it was ranked at 2,000 shi, and Shu also had this position, but Wu did not.

  Po Xi Jiang Jun: One of the miscellaneous generals of the Eastern Han Dynasty. During the Wei period, it was the fifth product. Li Dian and Sun Jian have served as this position.

  General Ping Jiang: Wu of the Three Kingdoms established it, and Bu Zhi was appointed as its official.

  Pingdong General: Established in Han, it was a sixth-grade official in Wei. Lü Bu once held this position.

  Pingnan General: Wei set up this official, third product, with main book, Gong Cao and other subordinate officials. Wu Shu also set it up.

  Pingbei General: Established in the 10th year of Jian'an, sixth rank, with subordinate officials such as the chief clerk and gongcao. Wu and Shu also established this position.

  Pingxi General: In Wei times, it was the third product, with a master bookkeeper and other officials. Wu Shu also set up.

  Deputy General: A lower-ranking general officer, often promoted from a Colonel or Deputy General, with no fixed number of personnel, ranked fifth. All three kingdoms had this position.

  Protector of the Imperial Guard: Both Wei and Shu had a Protector of the Imperial Guard, but only Shu's was divided into five: Front, Rear, Left, Right, and Central.

  Former General: A high-ranking general position often set up during the Three Kingdoms period. Responsible for the garrison of the capital and border defense. Ranked below the Nine Ministers, but above other temporary miscellaneous generals. During the Three Kingdoms period, the rank was lowered to third grade. The governor's office has officials such as the Long History, Sima, and From the Affairs Lang.

  Junior Military Advisor: The name of Junior Military Advisor originated in the Eastern Han. Divided into Front, Rear, Left, Right and Central, ranked fifth grade.

  Ji Duwei: Both Han dynasties had this position, belonging to the Guanglu Xun, with a rank equivalent to 2,000 shi, in charge of supervising the Youlin riders, with no fixed personnel.

  Quanxue Congshi: In the Han Dynasty, under the supervision of the Sima and the Governor of the Province, several Quanxue Congshi were set up to take charge of provincial affairs. In Shu, a Quanxue Congshi was established in Yizhou as an educational official of the province, ranking slightly below the Dianxue Congshi.

  Rulin Xuewei: The title of Xuewei is a military officer under the general, with many names. Due to different duties, the titles are also different. Rulin Xuewei was specially set up by Shu. Zhou Kuan held this position.

  Supreme General: Established in the first year of Wu Huanglong. Ranked above the Three Dukes. Lu Xun held this position.

  Sui Nan Zhong Lang Jiang: This official existed in both Wei and Shu of the Three Kingdoms. Shi Yue and Zhang Yi once held this position.

  Shesheng Xiaowei: During the Han Wu Emperor, there was a Shesheng Xiaowei among the eight Xiaowei, in charge of commanding archers who were skilled in shooting arrows. Ranked at 2,000 shi. In the Wei dynasty, it was the fourth rank, equivalent to 2,000 shi, in charge of garrison troops, Wu and Shu also had this position.

  The Book of Zhou: Summer Officials records that the Grand Master's subordinates include the Military Master, the Chariot Master, and the Expedition Master. In the Spring and Autumn period, Jin established three armies, each with its own Master. The Han palace gates and the generals, as well as the officials under their command, had Masters. In border provinces, there were set up Masters of a thousand men, who specialized in military affairs. The Cao Wei public office and the Grand General's office also set up Masters, ranked at a thousand stones, in charge of military affairs.

  Yanfu Colonel: Also known as Yanfu Colonel. Liu Bei set up when he was in Shu, mainly in charge of salt and iron benefits. Wu also set it up, in charge of sea salt production affairs.

  The subordinate officials of the governor and prefect included the from-shi, divided into the piao-jia, zhi-zhong, bu-cao, bing-cao from-shi, etc. In the late Han dynasty, a shi-you cong-shi was sometimes established, but it was only an honorary position without fixed duties.

  Teacher and friend wine: Han system, the county governor extends to the talents in the county, raises them in the government, specializes in planning and discussion, called scattered officials, their status is equivalent to some of the clerks, historians, the highest status is respectfully called Jiaojia.

  Shu Zi: Official of the Crown Prince's Mansion, fifth rank, salary 400 dan, duties similar to those of the three Lang officials.

  Sheren: Established in Qin, taking turns on duty guarding the Crown Prince. In Wei times it was a seventh-grade official rank, with a salary of 200 dan of grain.

  Shangshu Xuan Cao Lang: In the Three Kingdoms Wu, the Shangshu Lang was divided into departments to handle affairs, and there were selected Cao Lang.

  Shangshu Right Selection Officer: During the Three Kingdoms period, Shu set up a Shangshulang division to handle affairs, with a selection department divided into left and right, and there was a Right Selection Officer. Yang Xi once held this position.

  Shangshu Official of the Ministry of Personnel: The Cao Wei established 25 Shangshu Langzhong, divided into departments and offices to handle affairs, with an official in charge of personnel.

  Shangshu Puye: Deputy Director of the Imperial Secretariat. Established in Qin, under the Ministry of Works, responsible for documents and correspondence. When the Shangshu Ling was absent, he took over his duties. During the Wei period, two Shangshu Puyes were established, divided into left and right, with a salary of 600 stones, third rank. Wu and Shu each had one person without division into left and right.

  Shangshu: In the Qin dynasty, it was a subordinate official of the Shaofu. It was in charge of the documents inside the palace and had a very low status. After the Western Han dynasty, its power gradually increased, and Shangshu was established with five members, one as the chief secretary, and four divided into different departments to handle affairs. During the Eastern Han dynasty, the Shangshu Tai officially became the central organ for managing state affairs. The Wei dynasty established Shangshu, with one head, two deputy heads, and five Shangshu (divided into five departments) known as the "Eight Seats". Among the five Shangshu, except for the Shangshu of the Ministry of Personnel, the others were simply called Shangshu. The Wu and Shu dynasties also established it.

  Shangshu Ling Shi: In the Western Han, there were Lingshi under the Shangshulang, and in the Eastern Han, this number was increased to eighteen, with a salary of 200 dan, divided among the six Cao, responsible for writing documents. During the Wei period, it was ranked as the eighth product.

  Book Department: a provincial title for those who are engaged in it. Sun Quan established it, and Hu Zong was in charge of it, handling military and national secrets.

  Shu Zu main sponsor: Shu official system, state and county gate and various departments all have Shu Zu, outside by the state and county officials self-appointment. Shu Zu except for various departments, because of belonging to the state and county officials close subordinates, so also known as Men Xia Shu Zu.

  Colonel of the Garrison Cavalry: First established during the Han Wu Di period, in charge of cavalrymen. During the Eastern Han, it was changed to Colonel of the Elite Cavalry, and later re-established, in charge of the Imperial Guard troops. The Wei dynasty continued this position, with a rank equivalent to 2,000 shi, fourth grade, under the jurisdiction of the Central Commandant.

  Taizi Taifu: The positions of Taizi Taifu and Shaofu originated in the Shang and Zhou dynasties as tutors for the crown prince. The Han dynasty continued this practice, with a salary of 3,000 dan of grain and ranking below the Taichang. In the Eastern Han, the salary was reduced to 2,000 dan of grain. The crown prince showed respect to them by performing the ritual of serving his younger brother. The Three Kingdoms also retained these positions.

  Taizhong Daifu: Established in the Qin dynasty, responsible for discussing and advising on state affairs, responding to queries, and serving as a high-ranking advisor to the emperor. In the Wei dynasty, it was ranked seventh, with a salary of one thousand bushels of grain, and was also established in Wu and Shu.

  Tinghou: a title of nobility. In the Qin and Han dynasties, there were twenty grades of titles conferred upon those who had rendered meritorious service, the highest being called Chehou. Later, to avoid the taboo on the name of Emperor Wu of Han, it was changed to Tonghou, and still later to Liehou. Those among the liehous who received their emoluments from a village or a town were called Xianghou or Tinghou.

  Counter-Rebel General: One of the miscellaneous generals of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Cao Wei followed suit and ranked fifth.

  Discussing the Ruler General: One of the miscellaneous generals of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Shu set up this official, Wu followed Sun Jian who had held this position before, and later did not set it up again.

  Discussing Bandit General: One of the miscellaneous generals set by Wei, fifth rank. Shu also set it.

  Wu Wei Duwei: Established in Wu during the Three Kingdoms period, Sun Huan and Sun Jun once held this position.

  Wuwei General: Wei set, fourth product. Cao Cao set Wuwei Zhonglang General. Cao Pi changed to Wuwei General, Xu Chu was appointed, and he supervised the central army's garrison troops. Wu also set, in charge of garrisoning.

  Wú Dū Zhōng Bù: Established in Eastern Wu of the Three Kingdoms. The Wú Jūn had two divisions, the Left and Right Divisions, each with a commander-in-chief. Hence this title.

  Wu Guan Yuan: In the Han Dynasty, a county magistrate's self-appointed subordinate official, in charge of spring and autumn sacrifices. If Gong Cao Shi is absent or other officials are missing, he will take over or act on their behalf. He is the right-hand man of the county magistrate, with a status similar to that of Gong Cao Shi.

  After Qin and Han dynasties, emperors changed their title to "Huangdi", and "Wang" became the highest level of noble titles.

  Junior officer: In ancient times, many military officers were named Wei. During the Spring and Autumn period, there was a military Wei. The Qin and Han dynasties had a Grand Commandant, in charge of military affairs; the Commandant of Justice was in charge of penal affairs. Prefectures had a Regional Commandant, counties had a County Commandant, all were local officials in charge of military affairs, commonly referred to as Wei.

  Wei General: Established in the Han Dynasty, ranked below the three departments, second product. In the generals, it is inferior to the Great General, the Cavalry General and the Chariot General.

  Selection of the Grand Secretary: One of the Grand Secretaries, in charge of selecting officials. The Han dynasty inherited the Qin system and set up the Grand Secretary, which belonged to the Ministry of Works. During the reign of Emperor Cheng of Han, four Grand Secretaries were established, each in charge of one department. During the reign of Emperor Guangwu of Han, the Imperial Secretary Department was changed to the Official Selection Department, in charge of selecting officials for sacrifices and ceremonies. This is the origin of the Selection Department's Grand Secretary. The Wei dynasty changed the Selection Department to the Official Department.

  Xian Deng Xiaowei: During the Three Kingdoms period, there were many titles for military officers, but Xian Deng Xiaowei was only established in Wu.

  Xianghou: A Han dynasty title, a marquis whose fief was a county. Those with great merit were enfeoffed with counties, while those with lesser merit were enfeoffed with xiang or ting. In the late Eastern Han, additional titles such as county marquis, xiang marquis and ting marquis were established.

  Assistant of the Chancellor: established by Cao Cao when he was Chancellor of Han, ranked 7th.

  School affairs: Cao Cao first set up, to Jiaping Zhong stop. Wu also set up. The job is the emperor's ears and eyes, probing the words and deeds of officials and people, checking the ancestral temple above, and taking charge of all officials below. Or do Dianxiao, Xiaocao.

  Camp Commandant: Established by the Qin. The Han established eight Camp Commandants, in charge of special troops. According to the Han system, among the military officers below the rank of General in ordinary armies, there were Camp Commandants. The Three Kingdoms followed this practice.

  Groom of the Heir Apparent: also known as the Crown Prince's Groom. An official position under the Crown Prince. Established in the Qin dynasty, responsible for duties similar to those of a herald, leading the way when the Crown Prince goes out. In the Wei dynasty, it was a seventh-grade position with a salary of 600 bushels of grain.

  Xiang: served as a governor of a commandery. Each of the vassal kingdoms of Wei had one Xiang, with a salary grade of 2,000 dan of grain, and ranked fifth in the nine grades of officials.

  Western Cao Yuan: Han system, the Chancellor and Taifu's subordinate officials were divided into departments to handle affairs, with Western Cao. The official staff was called Yuan, and the deputy was called Shu. Initially in charge of leading the hundred officials to report on matters, later changed to be in charge of the internal officials of the government office. During the Wei period, the Chancellor, Da Jiangjun, and the Minister of Works, and other government offices had a Western Cao Yuan, with a rank equivalent to 400 stones, seventh grade.

  Western Commandant: Qin had a county commandant, and during the Han Jingdi era, it was renamed to Commandant, with a rank equivalent to 2,000 stones, in charge of assisting the governor in military affairs and maintaining internal security. The Three Kingdoms followed this practice. Each prefecture had one commandant, and larger prefectures sometimes had two, divided into east-west or south-north regions.

  Yìzhèng Dūwèi: An official of the Eastern Palace of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. When Sun Deng was Crown Prince, Zhuge Ke was Left Auxiliary General, Zhang Xi was Right Military General, Gu Tan was Assistant General, and Chen Biao was Wing General, forming a group of four friends to assist the Crown Prince.

  Weilin Zhonglang Jiang: In the early days of Emperor Xuan of Han, he was appointed as Weilin Zhonglang Jiang to supervise Weilin. During the Eastern Han dynasty, the position of Weilin Zhonglang Jiang was established, with a rank equivalent to 2,000 stones, in charge of guarding and attending. During the Wei period, it was the fifth product, with a rank equivalent to 2,000 stones, in charge of Weilin Lang.

  Commander of the Yuezhi Cavalry: Established by Emperor Wu of Han, in charge of the Yuezhi cavalry. The Eastern Han continued to set up, with one Commander of the Yuezhi Cavalry, equivalent to 2,000 stones, in charge of the imperial guard troops. The Three Kingdoms all had this position.

  Yǎn: a general term for ancient government officials. Such as Yǎn shǔ, Yǎn zuǒ, Yǎn lì, Yǎn shǐ, etc., abbreviated as Yǎn.

  Yamen General: Established in the Huangchu period of Wei Emperor Wen, fifth rank, no fixed number. Shu and Wu also established it.

  Yang Wu General: This position existed during the Eastern Han Dynasty and was also set up in all three kingdoms.

  Right Section Commander: also known as the Right Section Commander under the Tent. During the Three Kingdoms period, generals who opened their own headquarters had a subordinate officer called the Commander under the Tent, ranked seventh in the official hierarchy. Lu Xun once served as Sun Quan's Right Section Commander under the Tent.

  You Zhong Lang Jiang: Established in the Western Han, ranked alongside 2,000 shi, in charge of the Right Office, under the jurisdiction of the Guanglu Xun. During the Wei period, it was a fourth-grade position, ranked alongside 2,000 shi.

  Right National Historian: Wu of the Three Kingdoms established it, and together with the Left National Historian, they were in charge of compiling national history.

  Right Grand General: The Shu of the Three Kingdoms first established the position of Grand General in the 13th year of Jianxing. In the beginning of Jingyao, the Right Grand General was separately established.

  Right Guard General: All three kingdoms established a Right Guard General, divided into left and right.

  Right General: This position existed in the Han dynasty, with a gold seal and purple ribbon, ranking as an upper noble, but not often established. With additional titles such as "Chief of the Imperial Guard" or "Attendant Gentleman", they could participate in guarding the emperor, attending court meetings, deciding major military and national affairs, and leading the Department of State Affairs to handle actual government matters. During the Wei dynasty, it was a third-grade position with subordinate officials.

  Gong Lang: a subordinate official of the Lang Zhong Ling, ranking higher among the Lang officials, with a salary of 600 dan of grain, in charge of inquiry and response, without fixed personnel, continued from the Three Kingdoms period.

  The Governor's Assistant: In the Two Han dynasties, a subordinate official of the provincial governor or prefect, with assistants such as historians or several people, in charge of provincial administration.

  Assistant of the Army: The Lieutenant of the Han Dynasty had an assistant named Assistant of the Army. Sun Jian once held this position.

  Zòu Cáo Yuàn: In the Han system, the Three Dukes' offices had a Zòu Cáo department, which was in charge of drafting memorials. The Cao Wei Chancellor's office had a Zòu Cáo Yuàn, ranked at 300 shi. Wu also had one.

  Junior General: ranked below the general. During the Three Kingdoms period, there were many titles of Junior General, and their responsibilities were also different. The title of Zan Jun Xiao Wei was established by Wu, and Lu Su held it, assisting Zhou Yu in participating in military affairs, so it was named after Zan Jun.

  Zhechong General: One of the miscellaneous generals set up by Wei, fifth rank. Wu also established it, but Shu did not.

  Zhechong Xiaowei: In the late Han Dynasty, Cao Cao appointed Xiahou Dun as Zhechong Xiaowei. The position was later abolished and did not exist in Shu.

  Zuo Zhifa: Established in Wu State during the Three Kingdoms period, it was an official belonging to the Imperial Censorate, jointly deciding on various official matters with Zhong Zhifa and You Zhifa.

  Zuotianjun: Wu of the Three Kingdoms set up Left, Right and Central Zuotianjun, commanding camp soldiers.

  Zuo Jiedu: Wu was first established, in charge of military rations. Divided into left and right.

  Left Commandant: In the Han system, many commandants were appointed in the commander's headquarters, with a position second only to the military strategist and the long history. At the end of the Han Dynasty, Cao Cao appointed Sun Quan as the General Who Conquers Barbarians, and Quan appointed Gu Yong as the Left Commandant, who should be an official under the General Who Conquers Barbarians